Census of Population in Ireland
Censuses of population have been conducted in Ireland since 1841. Beginning in 1951, these censuses have been undertaken at 5 yearly intervals with the exceptions of 1976 and 2001. Between 1996 and 2006, the population of Ireland increased by 17% (CSO 2007) largely due to labour migration to Ireland and the demographic make up of the population changed substantially. The 2006 Census of population which was conducted by the Central Statistics Office on 23 April 2006 provides some very interesting statistics on cultural diversity in Ireland.
· Non-Irish nationals resident in the State increased by 87% over the four year period from 2002 -2006 (224,000 in 2002 to 420,000 in 2006).
The most recent Census took place on the 11th of April 2011. The 2011 form contained two additional sections relating to languages spoken in the home and the level of proficiency in spoken English of those who spoke languages other than English or Irish at home, as well as a question on perception of health. Census forms were available in 21 languages, in addition to English and Irish.
Preliminary results from the 2011 Census became available in July 2011. A breakdown of the nationality of residents in Ireland on the night of the census will not be available until 2012. Further information about the 2011 Census is available on the Central Statistics Office website.
Census 2006
· Accession of the EU 12 states in 2004 resulted in a large increase in inward migration of nationals from these countries. Census 2006 showed 63,276 Polish, 24,628 Lithuanian and 13,319 Latvians here.
The breakdown of Non- Irish nationals from the Census 2006 is as follows:
· UK (27%), EU 15 excluding UK (10%), EU 10 (29%), Rest of Europe (6%), Asia (11%), Africa (8%), America (5%), Australia (1%), Other (3%).
· Non-Irish nationals came from 188 different countries and the top ten nationalities were UK, Polish, Lithuanian, Nigerian, Latvian, US, Chinese, German, Filipino and French.
(Source: Central Statistics Office)
The results from the 2006 Census show that 420,000 non-Irish nationals were living in Ireland at the time of the Census and they came from 188 different countries. The top ten of these countries accounted for 82% of the total. The breakdown by nationality shows that the vast majority came from within the EU as illustrated by the chart below:

Of the 275,775 people who came from the EU, over 40% (112,548) of these were from the UK. The next highest groups were from Poland, Lithuania and Latvia. The chart below shows the breakdown of non-Irish nationals from the EU:

The Census also gives information on the occupations of Non –Irish nationals and shows that in April 2006, 15% were employed as service workers, 14% were working in the professional, technical and health sectors and 11% were working in building/construction – see chart below.

The Census 2006 is a rich source of information about the population of Ireland, immigration into Ireland and emigration from Ireland. The published reports provide detailed information on the diversity of the newcomers to Ireland, their living arrangements, educational attainment, occupations etc. The list below gives details of the publications available and these can be found on the CSO website.
Census 2006 Reports | Date Published |
| Preliminary Report | 19 Jul 06 |
| Principal Demographic Results | 29 Mar 07 |
| Volume 1 - Population Classified by Area | 26 Apr 07 |
| Volume 2 - Ages and Marital Status | 10 May 07 |
| Volume 3 - Household Composition, Family Units and Fertility | 31 May 07 |
| Principal Socio-economic Results | 28 June 07 |
| Volume 4 - Usual Residence, Migration, Birthplaces and Nationalities | 12 July 07 |
| Volume 5 - Ethnic or Cultural Background (including the Irish Traveller Community) | 26 July 07 |
| Volume 6 - Housing | 16 Aug 07 |
| Volume 7 - Principal Economic Status and Industries | 06 Sep 07 |
| Volume 8 - Occupations | 20 Sep 07 |
| Volume 9 - Irish Language | 04 Oct 07 |
| Volume 10 - Education and Qualifications | 18 Oct 07 |
| Volume 11 - Disability, Carers and Voluntary Activities | 01 Nov 07 |
| Volume 12 - Travel to Work, School and College | 15 Nov 07 |
| Volume 13 - Religion | 29 Nov 07 |
| Non-Irish Nationals Living in Ireland | 30 Jun 08 |
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